How do antivirus and antispyware work to protect you?

by Billy J Long Guidance, PSA Articles

Article (PSA-0030)

Overview

Antivirus and antispyware are software tools that work together to keep your computer safe from viruses, spyware, ransomware and other unwanted programs.

Key Protection Features

1. Real‑Time Scanning

  • Continuously watches your system while you browse, download or run programs.
  • If a file looks suspicious, a pop‑up warns you right away.
  • What to do: Click **Quarantine** (or **Remove**) and then run a quick full scan.

2. Scheduled Scanning

  • Runs a deep scan of selected folders or the whole drive at a time you set (daily, weekly, …).
  • Finds hidden threats that may have slipped past real‑time checks.
  • Tip: Leave it on a night when you’re not using the computer.

3. Signature‑Based Detection

  • Uses a constantly‑updated list of known‑bad code called **definitions** (think of a “cheat sheet” for malware).
  • When a new virus appears, the vendor releases a fresh definition and your program downloads it automatically.
  • Keeping the program **licensed and up‑to‑date** guarantees you get the newest cheat sheet.

Why Up‑to‑Date, Licensed Software Matters

  • Only a current, licensed product receives the latest definitions.
  • Out‑of‑date software may miss brand‑new threats.
  • A licensed product also includes technical support if you ever get stuck.

Built‑In Windows Protection (Free)

  • Windows 10/11 includes **Microsoft Defender Antivirus**, **Microsoft Defender SmartScreen** (antispyware) and a built‑in firewall.
  • All three update automatically through **Windows Update** – no extra subscription needed.
  • For most home users these tools provide solid baseline protection.

Safe‑Browsing Habits (Bonus Tips)

  • Never click a link or open an attachment from an unknown sender.
  • Check the URL: genuine Amazon, Google, or bank sites start with https:// and show the correct domain.
  • Keep your operating system, browsers, and plugins (e.g., Flash, Java) patched.

Quick Security Checklist

  • ✔️ Enable real‑time scanning and automatic updates.
  • ✔️ Schedule a full scan at least once a week.
  • ✔️ Verify your antivirus/antispyware is licensed and not expired.
  • ✔️ Use the built‑in Windows firewall (or a reputable third‑party one).
  • ✔️ Practice safe browsing: verify links, avoid unknown attachments, keep software current.

Need More Help?

If you have a specific question about PC security or want a quick health check, call us at (707) 506‑6802 to speak with a technician.